Vim li cas xaiv cov khoom tseem ceeb rau cov cua kub exchanger raj
Xaiv cov khoom siv lub raj tsis ncaj ncees lawm, thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hloov pauv hauv ob xyoos. Xaiv qhov yog, thiab nws ua haujlwm rau 20 xyoo nrog kev saib xyuas tsawg.
ASTM B338 GR1 titanium rajsib tw ncaj qha nrog tooj liab-nickel alloys (90/10, 70/30) thiab stainless hlau (316L) rau lub plhaub thiab lub raj cua kub exchanger. Txhua tus muaj lub zog. Txhua tus muaj kev txwv.
Rau tag nrho technical specifications ntawmASTM B338 GR1 titanium raj, suav nrog qhov loj me thiab cov khoom siv kho tshuab, saib cov khoom nplooj ntawv ntawm no.
Kev sib piv ntawm corrosion kuj
| Khoom siv | Seawater pitting | Kev txhim kho corrosion | Sulfide nres | Ammonia nres |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GR1 titanium hlau | Tsis muaj | Rau 80 degree | Tsis muaj | Tsis muaj |
| 70/30 Cu-Ni | Nruab nrab | Nruab nrab | Mob hnyav | Nruab nrab |
| 90/10 Cu-Ni | Nruab nrab | Nruab nrab | Mob hnyav | Nruab nrab |
| 316L stainless hlau | Mob hnyav | Mob hnyav | Tsis muaj | Tsis muaj (tab sis pitting) |
GR1 titanium tsis muaj pitting hauv dej hiav txwv.316L pits nyob rau hauv lub hlis mus rau xyoo nyob ntawm qhov kub thiab txias thiab chlorides. Copper-nickel tsis pits tab sis raug kev puas tsuaj los ntawm kev yaig thiab sulfide nres.
Rau cov dej hiav txwv uas muaj kuab paug los yog nyob twj ywm, tooj liab -nickel ua tsis tau saivim sulfides. GR1 tuav sulfides yam tsis muaj teeb meem.
Mechanical Properties sib piv
| Khoom | GR1 titanium hlau | 70/30 Cu-Ni | 316L stainless hlau |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tensile zog (min) | 240 MPa | 350 MPa | 485 MPa ua |
| Yield zog (min) | 138 MPa rau | 125 MPa | 170 MPa |
| Elongation (min) | 24% | 30% | 35% |
| Qhov ntom | 4.51 g / cm³ | 8.94 g/m² | 8.00 g / cm³ |
| Thermal conductivity | 17 W/m·K | 29 W/m·K | 15 W/m·K |
Titanium yog 40-50% sib zog dua tooj liab -nickel lossis stainless hlau.Rau tib lub raj loj, titanium pob hnyav hnyav dua. Qhov no tseem ceeb rau offshore platforms thiab cov khoom siv mobile.
Thermal conductivity ntawm titanium qis dua tooj liab -nickel. Yuav kom ua tiav tib lub tshav kub hloov mus, titanium hlab yuav xav tau cov phab ntsa nyias nyias lossis ntau qhov chaw. Hauv kev xyaum, qhov sib txawv me me vim tias titanium raj tuaj yeem khiav ntawm qhov nrawm dua yam tsis muaj kev yaig.
Kev txwv nrawm thiab yaig tsis kam
Flow velocity cuam tshuam rau ob qho tib si hloov tshav kub thiab raj lub neej.
| Khoom siv | Maximum pom zoo tshaj tawm (seawater) | Erosion mechanism |
|---|---|---|
| GR1 titanium hlau | 5–7 m/s | Tsis muaj (resistant heev) |
| 70/30 Cu-Ni | 3–4 m/s | Tiv thaiv zaj duab xis erodes |
| 90/10 Cu-Ni | 2–3 m/s | Tiv thaiv zaj duab xis erodes |
| 316L stainless hlau | 3–5 m/s | Tsis muaj erosion, tab sis pitting |
GR1 titanium tuaj yeem khiav nrawm dua li tooj liab -nickel.Kev nrawm dua txhim kho cov cua sov hloov thiab txo cov fouling. Qhov no yog qhov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb hauv condensers thiab siab -flow coolers.
Copper-nickel tubes yaig ntawm cov xuab zeb lossis cov khib nyiab cuam tshuam. Titanium tsis yog.
Kev sib piv biofouling
Marine kev loj hlob txuas rau txhua yam ntaub ntawv. Qhov txawv yog kev ntxuav.
| Khoom siv | Biofouling txuas | Kev ntxuav tu |
|---|---|---|
| GR1 titanium hlau | Nruab nrab | Siab (dej dav hlau mus rau 10,000 psi) |
| 70/30 Cu-Ni | Nruab nrab (tooj liab inhibits) | Tsawg (erodes hauv dav hlau) |
| 316L stainless hlau | Siab | Nruab nrab |
Copper-nickel muaj ntuj biofouling tsis kam vim tooj liab ions tua cov kab mob marine. Qhov no yog qhov txiaj ntsig tiag tiag. Txawm li cas los xij, cov nyhuv yuav ploj zuj zus mus thaum lub sijhawm cov yeeb yaj kiab tsim tawm.
Titanium tsis muaj cov khoom no. Biofouling txuas tau yooj yim. Tab sis titanium zam nruj heev uas yuav rhuav tshem tooj liab -nickel hlab. Siab -dej siab dav hlau (5,000–10,000 psi) tshem tawm cov fouling yam tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj rau titanium.
Kev sib piv nqi
Thawj tus nqi vs tus nqi ntawm lub neej.
| Khoom siv | Tus nqi ntawm cov khoom siv txheeb ze | Hom raj lub neej | Lub neej voj voog nqi |
|---|---|---|---|
| GR1 titanium (welded) | 3–4x 316L | 20+ xyoo | Tsawg tshaj plaws rau cov dej hiav txwv |
| 70/30 Cu-Ni | 2–3x 316L | 10-15 xyoo | Nruab nrab |
| 90/10 Cu-Ni | 1.5–2x 316L | 5-10 xyoo | Nruab nrab-siab |
| 316L stainless hlau | 1 x (lub hauv paus) | 1-3 xyoos | Siab tshaj (hloov hloov ntau zaus) |
316L muaj tus nqi qis tshaj thawj zaug tab sis tus nqi siab tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv kev pabcuam dej hiav txwv. Retubing nquag txhais tau hais tias lub sijhawm poob, kev ua haujlwm, thiab kev tsim khoom ploj.
GR1 muaj tus nqi siab tshaj plaws thawj zaug tab sis tus nqi qis tshaj plaws rau lub neej ntev rau kev siv dej hiav txwv ntev -. Tube pob khoom outlass tus so ntawm lub tshav kub exchanger.
Kev sib piv ntawm Fabrication
| Khoom siv | Rolling | Vuam | Khoov |
|---|---|---|---|
| GR1 titanium hlau | Zoo (xav tau cov cuab yeej huv) | Yuav tsum tau argon shielding | Zoo heev |
| 70/30 Cu-Ni | Zoo heev | Txheem txheej txheem | Zoo |
| 316L stainless hlau | Zoo | Txheem txheej txheem | Zoo |
GR1 yuav tsum tau ntxuav cov cuab yeej thiab argon shielding rau vuam. Qhov no tsis yooj yim, tab sis nws txawv ntawm tooj liab -nickel lossis stainless hlau.
Copper-nickel yog qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws los tsim. Nws coj zoo li tus qauv tooj liab alloys. Tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv tshwj xeeb lossis cov cuab yeej xav tau.
316L kuj yog ib qho yooj yim tab sis yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo mloog rau cov tswv yim cua sov kom tsis txhob hnov qab.
Galvanic corrosion thaum sib tov khoom
Cov hlau sib txawv hauv kev sib cuag nrog dej hiav txwv tsim lub roj teeb. Ib qho hlau corrodes.
| Hlau khub hauv seawater | Kev tshwm sim |
|---|---|
| Titanium + tooj liab -nickel | Copper -nickel corrodes (titanium yog cathodic) |
| Titanium + 316L | 316L corrodes (titanium yog cathodic) |
| Titanium + carbon hlau | Carbon steel corrodes sai heev |
| Tooj liab -nickel + 316L | Ob leeg corrode, unpredictable |
Titanium yog cov hlau cathodic tshaj plaws hauv dej hiav txwv. Thaum txuas nrog yuav luag txhua yam hlau, lwm cov hlau corrodes sai dua.
Tshem tawm cov titanium raj los ntawm cov hlau tsis sib xws. Siv cov hnab yas, cov ntawv coated tube, los yog titanium-fab lub raj ntawv.
Cov lus pom zoo ntawm daim ntawv thov
Qhia GR1 titanium thaum:
Dej hiav txwv los yog dej brackish ntawm lub raj sab
Lub neej ua haujlwm yuav tsum yog 15+ xyoo
Cov dej tsis huv los yog nyob ruaj khov (sulfides tam sim no)
Kev nrawm nrawm (ntau tshaj 3m / s)
Qhov hnyav yog ib qho kev txhawj xeeb (offshore, mobile)
Retubing nqi yog siab (qhov chaw nyob deb)
Qhia kom meej tooj liab -nickel thaum:
Ntxuav dej hiav txwv nkaus xwb (tsis muaj sulfides)
Kev tswj biofouling yog qhov tseem ceeb thiab kev tu tsis yooj yim
Tus nqi qis dua thawj zaug yog xav tau
Fabrication nrog cov khoom siv hauv khw yog tsim nyog
Qhia 316L thaum:
Tsis muaj chlorides hauv cov kua dej
Cov dej tshiab los yog cov kev pabcuam hydrocarbon
Tus nqi qis thawj zaug yog qhov ntsuas nkaus xwb
Sib tham txog koj qhov kev xav tau ntawm qhov project
FAQ
1. Puas yog titanium ib txwm zoo dua tooj liab -nickel rau dej hiav txwv?
Rau lub neej ua haujlwm ntev, yog. Rau luv luv -cov ntawv thov dej hiav txwv lossis dej huv, tooj liab-nickel ua haujlwm thiab raug nqi tsawg dua.GR1 titanium tubing corrosion kuj seawateryog superior, tab sis tus nqi siab dua thawj zaug yuav tsis raug cai rau txhua qhov project.
2. Puas yog tooj liab-nickel puas ua tsis tau zoo hauv dej hiav txwv?
Yog lawm. Sulfides los ntawm decaying organic teeb meem los yog industrial paug ua rau cov yeeb yaj duab tiv thaiv ntawm tooj liab -nickel. Cov raj tuaj yeem ua tsis tiav hauv lub hlis. GR1 tuav sulfides tsis muaj teeb meem.
3. Puas yog 316L puas tuaj yeem siv rau hauv dej hiav txwv?
Tsuas yog hauv dej huv heev, txias, qis -chloride seawater uas tsis muaj stagnation. Txawm li ntawd los, cia siab tias pitting hauv 2-3 xyoos. Rau kev pabcuam dej hiav txwv txhim khu kev qha, 316L tsis pom zoo.
4. Puas yog GR1 nqi ntau dua li 316L?
Feem ntau 3-4 npaug ntawm cov khoom siv. Tab sis ib pob 316L yuav xav tau hloov txhua 2 xyoos. Ib pob GR1 kav ntev 20+ xyoo. Tshaj 20 xyoo, GR1 yog pheej yig dua.
5. Puas yog qhov qis thermal conductivity ntawm titanium teeb meem?
Nyob rau hauv feem ntau heat exchangers, tsis ntau. Titanium tubes tuaj yeem khiav ntawm qhov nrawm dua yam tsis muaj kev yaig, uas them rau qhov qis dua. Ntau lub condensers siv titanium nrog tib thaj chaw saum npoo xws li tooj liab -nickel.
6. Puas yog GR1 thiab tooj liab-nickel tuaj yeem sib xyaw rau hauv tib lub tshuab hluav taws xob?
Tsis pom zoo. Galvanic corrosion yuav tua cov tooj liab -nickel. Yog tias qhov sib tov tsis tuaj yeem zam tau, cais cov hluav taws xob thiab ua kom thaj tsam titanium cathode me me.
7. Dab tsi tooj liab - qib nickel zoo dua rau dej hiav txwv?
70/30 Cu-Ni kav ntev dua 90/10. 90/10 muaj biofouling tsis kam pib tab sis corrodes sai dua. Rau lub sijhawm ntev - dej hiav txwv, 70/30 yog nyiam.
8. Puas yog titanium xav tau kev tiv thaiv corrosion?
No. GR1 tsis corrode ntawm tus nqi ntsuas hauv dej hiav txwv. Tube phab ntsa thickness yog txiav txim siab los ntawm lub siab thiab tuav lub zog, tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv corrosion.
9. Cov khoom twg yog qhov yooj yim tshaj rau yob rau hauv cov ntawv raj?
Copper -nickel yog qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws. GR1 kuj zoo tab sis yuav tsum tau huv, hlau -cov cuab yeej pub dawb. 316L zoo ib yam li GR1.
10. Dab tsi yog qhov kev hloov pauv ntau tshaj plaws?
316L hlab hauv cov dej hiav txwv txias tsis ua haujlwm tom qab 1-3 xyoos, hloov nrogWelded titanium raj ASTM B338 Qib 1. Qhov thib ob feem ntau yog tooj liab-nickel hauv sulfide-cov dej hloov nrog GR1.
Khoom Description
Peb tsim GR1 titanium, 90/10 tooj liab-nickel, 70/30 tooj liab-nickel, thiab 316L stainless hlau raj rau kev pab cuam cua sov.
Peb lub Hoobkas muaj plaub kab ntau lawm. Titanium tubes khiav ntawm txias pilger mills thiab kos lub rooj zaum nrog argon -cov qhov cub tawg.
Copper-nickel tubes siv cais kos lub rooj zaum nrog kev tswj hwm huab cua los tiv thaiv oxidation. Stainless hlau raj muaj lawv tus kheej kab nrog cov cuab yeej sib txawv thiab lubricants.
Tsis muaj kev sib kis - ntawm cov khoom.Titanium tooling yeej tsis kov stainless hlau lossis tooj liab -nickel. Hlau khaws los ntawm stainless hlau yuav ua rau titanium corrosion kuj. Cov cuab yeej sib cais tiv thaiv qhov no.
Cov cuab yeej tshuaj xyuas npog tag nrho peb cov ntaub ntawv: spectrometer rau chemistry pov thawj, ultrasonic flaw detectors, hydrostatic testers, thiab laser micrometers. Txhua hom khoom muaj nws tus kheej calibration qauv.
Txhua lub raj tuaj nrog daim ntawv pov thawj zeb rau EN 10204 Hom 3.1. Thib peb-kev soj ntsuam tog (SGS, BV, TÜV) muaj rau txhua yam khoom siv.
