ASTM B338 yog dab tsi?
ASTM B338 yog tus qauv tshwj xeeb rauseamless thiab welded titanium raj rau condensers thiab tshav kub exchangers. Nws suav nrog qib qib titanium ua lag luam ntshiab (Qib 1, Qib 2, Qib 3) thiab qee cov alloys (Qib 7, Qib 9, Qib 12). Qib 1 yog qhov softest thiab feem ntau formable. Feem ntau cov cua kub exchanger raj raug txiav txim rau tus qauv no.
ASTM B338 cov qib dab tsi?
| Qib | Tensile zog (min) | Yam ntxwv tseem ceeb | Hom kev siv |
|---|---|---|---|
| Qib 1 | 240 MPa | Softest, feem ntau formable | Khoov, flaring, nyias phab ntsa raj |
| Qib 2 | 345 MPa rau | Feem ntau cov hom phiaj dav dav | Thaum tshav kub kub exchangers, piping |
| Qib 3 | 450 MPa | Siab zog | Kev siv siab |
| Qib 7 | 345 MPa rau | Ib yam li GR2 + palladium | Acid ib puag ncig |
| Qib 9 | 620 MPa rau | Lub zog nruab nrab (3-2.5-3) | Aerospace, hydraulic tubing |
| Qib 12 | 483 MPa ua | Creep resistant | Kev pabcuam kub kub |
Rau feem ntau seawater heat exchangers, Qib 1 lossis Qib 2 yog cov kev xaiv. Qib 1 khoov yooj yim dua. Qib 2 muaj zog dua.
ASTM B338 Qib 1 titanium raj muaj ntau npaum li cas?
ASTM B338 npog raj los ntawm 1/4 nti (6.35mm) mus txog 3 nti (76.2mm) sab nraud txoj kab uas hla. Phab ntsa thickness ranges ntawm 0.5mm mus rau 5.0mm.
| OD (inch) | OD (mm) | Common phab ntsa (mm) | Hom kev siv |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1/4" | 6.35 | 0.5, 0.7, 1.0 | Ntsuas kab, me me txias |
| 3/8" | 9.53 | 0.5, 0.7, 1.0 | Me me tshav kub exchangers |
| 1/2" | 12.70 | 0.7, 0.9, 1.2 | Marine coolers |
| 5/8" | 15.88 | 0.7, 0.9, 1.2 | Thaum tshav kub kub exchangers |
| 3/4" | 19.05 | 0.9, 1.2, 1.6 | Condenser |
| 7/8" | 22.23 | 0.9, 1.2, 1.6 | Lub zog cog condenser |
| 1" | 25.40 | 1.0, 1.2, 1.6, 2.0 | Industrial tshav kub exchangers |
Dimensional kam rau ua rau ASTM B338:
| Parameter | Ua siab ntev |
|---|---|
| OD (hauv qab 1 ") | ± 0.10 hli |
| OD (1 "mus rau 2") | ± 0.15 hli |
| OD (ntau tshaj 2 ") | ± 0.20 hli |
| Phab ntsa thickness | ±10% |
| Length (txiav) | +3mm / -0mm |
Dab tsi yog cov kev cai tshuaj rau Qib 1 raws li ASTM B338?
ASTM B338 teeb tsa cov kev txwv nruj ntawm impurities rau Qib 1 titanium. Oxygen thiab hlau yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws.
| Element | Qhov siab tshaj (%) | Vim li cas thiaj tseem ceeb |
|---|---|---|
| Titanium (Ti) | 99.5% min | Base hlau |
| Cov pa oxygen (O) | 0.18 | Cov pa oxygen tsawg=mos thiab ductile |
| Hlau (Fe) | 0.20 | Cov hlau ntau dhau yuav txo qhov kev tiv thaiv corrosion |
| Cov pa roj carbon (C) | 0.10 | impurity |
| Nitrogen (N) | 0.03 | impurity |
| Hydrogen (H) | 0.015 | Yuav ua rau hydrogen embrittlement |
Dab tsi yog qhov yuav tsum tau siv tshuab rau Qib 1 raws li ASTM B338?
ASTM B338 yuav tsum muaj zog tensile yam tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm 240 MPa thiab yield zog ntawm 170 MPa rau Qib 1. Elongation yog 24% yam tsawg kawg nkaus.
| Khoom | Kev xav tau | Yam nqi |
|---|---|---|
| Tensile zog | 240 MPa min | 250-300 MPa |
| Yield zog | 170 MPa min | 180-220 MPa |
| Elongation | 24% min | 25-35% |
| Hardness | Tsis tau teev tseg | 70-80 PAB |
Cov txheej txheem xeem:
Tensile xeem rau ASTM E8
Flattening xeem rau ASTM B338 (rau raj)
Flaring xeem rau ASTM B338 (rau raj)
Yuav tsum xeem dab tsi rau ASTM B338 Qib 1 titanium raj?
| Kuaj | Seamless | Welded | Sau ntawv |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tshuaj ntsuam xyuas | Yuav tsum tau | Yuav tsum tau | Rau cua sov |
| Tensile xeem | Yuav tsum tau | Yuav tsum tau | Rau cua sov |
| Kev ntsuam xyuas | Yuav tsum tau | Yuav tsum tau | Thaum tshav kub kub (seam ntawm 90 degree) |
| Flaring xeem | Yuav tsum tau | Yuav tsum tau | Rau cua sov |
| Ultrasonic los yog eddy tam sim no | Yuav tsum tau | Yuav tsum tau | 100% ntawm lub cev |
| Hydrostatic xeem | xaiv tau | xaiv tau | Thaum thov |
| Weld radiography | Tsis xav tau | Thaum thov | Rau welded raj nkaus xwb |
Kev lees txais cov qauv:
Tensile: yuav tsum ua kom tau raws li qhov tsawg kawg nkaus
Flatten: tsis muaj kab nrib pleb thaum flattened rau qhov kev ncua deb
Flare: tsis muaj kab nrib pleb thaum flared rau txoj kab uas hla
Ultrasonic / eddy tam sim no: tsis muaj qhov tsis txaus ntseeg saum qib siv
Seamless vs welded raws li ASTM B338
ASTM B338 npog ob leeg seamless thiab welded titanium raj. Tab sis seamless yog ntau dua rau cov tshav kub exchangers.
| Qhov xwm txheej | Seamless | Welded |
|---|---|---|
| Muaj | Muaj dav | Tsawg dua |
| Nqi | Siab dua | Tsawg (10-20% tsawg) |
| Weld seam | Tsis muaj | Yog lawm |
| Corrosion txaus ntshai | Tsis muaj weld yuav txhawj txog | Seam tuaj yeem corrode hauv qee qhov xwm txheej |
| Hom kev siv | Thaum tshav kub kub exchangers, condensers | Tsawg qhov kev pabcuam tseem ceeb |
Thaum xaiv seamless:
Critical heat exchanger tubes
Kev kub siab lossis kub siab
Kev pabcuam dej hiav txwv
Lub neej ntev xav tau
Thaum welded tej zaum yuav tau txais:
Tsis tshua muaj siab, kev pabcuam tsis tseem ceeb
Cov dej tshiab los yog ib puag ncig huv
Cov khoom siv ib ntus lossis luv luv
FAQ
Q1: Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm ASTM B338 thiab ASTM B 861?
ASTM B338 npog raj rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab cov condensers. ASTM B861 npog cov yeeb nkab rau cov kav dej dav dav.B338 muaj nruj dua qhov kam rau ua thiab cov kev ntsuas sib txawv. Rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, siv B338. Rau cov kav dej hiav txwv, B861 tej zaum yuav tsim nyog dua.
Q2: Puas yog Qib 1 titanium raj seamless lossis welded raws li ASTM B338?
Ob leeg tso cai. Seamless yog ntau dua rau cov cua kub exchanger raj.Tus qauv npog ob daim ntawv. Feem ntau cov mills tsim seamless Qib 1 raj raws li lawv cov khoom txheem. Welded raj feem ntau yog ua rau kev txiav txim.
Q3: Dab tsi yog qhov siab tshaj plaws OD rau ASTM B338 Qib 1 raj?
3 nti (76.2mm) yog qhov siab tshaj plaws OD them los ntawm tus qauv.Qhov ntau thiab tsawg muaj tab sis poob hauv ASTM B861 (pipe) es tsis yog B338 (tube). Rau kev siv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, qhov ntau thiab tsawg tshaj 3 ntiv tes yog qhov tsawg.
Q4: Puas yog ob qho tib si seamless thiab welded xav tau kev ntsuam xyuas flattening thiab flare?
Yog lawm, ob leeg seamless thiab welded raj yuav tsum xeem flattening thiab flare xeem ib ASTM B338.Rau welded raj, lub vuam seam yuav tsum tau muab tso rau 90℃ntawm flattening kev taw qhia. Qhov no kuaj cov weld hauv nro ntau dua li compression.
Q5: Yog tias lub raj dhau los ntawm kev sib tw thiab flare, puas yog qhov vuam zoo?
Feem ntau yog. Tab sis qhov kev ntsuam xyuas flattening thiab flare yog cov qauv kuaj, tsis yog 100% kev soj ntsuam.Lawv ntes tag nrho weld defects. Rau 100% weld zoo, qhia meej radiography lossis eddy tam sim no kuaj ntawm weld seam. Cov neeg siv seamless feem ntau zam qhov teeb meem no los ntawm kev yuav seamless.
Q6: Cov khoom siv dab tsi tsis tso cai rau titanium raj?
Titanium tsis raug tso cai hu rau carbon steel lossis tooj liab ncaj qha. Nws ua rau galvanic corrosion ntawm cov hlau tsis tshua muaj suab npe.Nyob rau hauv lub tshav kub exchanger, titanium raj nyob rau hauv ib tug stainless hlau los yog carbon steel raj ntawv yuav tsum tau kev cais. Siv ferrules los yog coatings ntawm lub raj ntawv. ASTM B338 tsis npog qhov no, tab sis kev tsim qauv zoo xav tau nws.
Q7: Can ASTM B338 Qib 1 raj siv tau rau ASME code stamping?
Yog lawm, tab sis qhia meej ASME SB338 hloov ASTM B338.ASME SB338 zoo ib yam hauv cov ntsiab lus tab sis tau lees paub los ntawm ASME Boiler thiab Pressure Vessel Code. Rau kev ua haujlwm tsis-code, ASTM B338 zoo. Rau cov hlab ntim, siv SB338.
Q8: Dab tsi yog qhov feem ntau ntawm cov phab ntsa thickness rau Qib 1 tshav kub exchanger raj?
0.9mm thiab 1.2mm yog qhov feem ntau. BWG 18 (1.24mm) yog ib qho kev qhia tshwj xeeb.Cov phab ntsa nyias (0.5-0.7mm) yog siv rau qhov tsis tshua muaj siab. Phab ntsa Thicker (1.6-2.0mm) rau siab dua los yog ntxiv kev tiv thaiv corrosion.
Q9: Puas yog ASTM B338 xav tau kev kuaj hydrostatic?
Tsis yog, kev kuaj hydrostatic yog xaiv tau raws li ASTM B338.Ultrasonic los yog eddy tam sim no kuaj yuav tsum tau 100% ntawm cov hlab. Kev kuaj hydrostatic tuaj yeem muab ntxiv raws li qhov kev thov. Qee cov neeg siv khoom xav tau ob qho tib si.
Q10: Kuv yuav ua li cas qhia ASTM B338 Qib 1 raj kom raug?
Sau: ASTM B338 Qib 1 titanium raj - 3/4 "OD x 1.24mm phab ntsa - Seamless - 6.0m txiav ntev - Ultrasonic kuaj - MTR xav tau.Xws li cov qauv, qib, qhov ntev, phab ntsa thickness, seamless los yog welded, ntev, kuaj, thiab cov ntaub ntawv.
Q11: Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm Qib 1 thiab Qib 2 raws li ASTM B338?
Qib 1 muaj cov pa oxygen qis (0.18% max) thiab qis zog (240 MPa tensile). Qib 2 muaj cov pa ntau dua (0.25% max) thiab lub zog siab dua (345 MPa tensile).Qib 1 yog softer thiab khoov yooj yim dua. Qib 2 muaj zog thiab ntau dua. Rau feem ntau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, Qib 2 yog tus qauv. Qib 1 yog siv thaum formability tseem ceeb.
Q12: Puas yog ASTM B338 npog titanium alloy raj zoo li Ti-6Al-4V (Qib 5)?
Tsis yog, ASTM B338 tsis npog Qib 5 (Ti-6Al-4V).Qib 5 raug them raws li lwm cov qauv xws li ASTM B861. ASTM B338 suav nrog Qib 1, 2, 3, 7, 9, thiab 12 nkaus xwb. Yog tias koj xav tau Ti-6Al-4V raj, qhia tus qauv sib txawv.
Peb Kev Xeem
Peb pib nrog chemistry. Lub spectrometer kuaj titanium (99.5% min), hlau (0.20% max), oxygen (0.18% max). Yog hais tias nws ua tsis tau, tag nrho cov yaj yog scraped.
Tom ntej no, mechanical. Peb rub lub raj kom txog thaum nws tawg. Yuav tsum ntaus 240 MPa tensile thiab 170 MPa tawm los. Peb kuj flatten ib lub nplhaib thiab flare ib tug qauv. Tsis muaj kab nrib pleb. Tsis muaj kev sib cais.
Tom qab ntawd kuaj ultrasonic. Txhua lub raj xa mus los ntawm lub tank. Txhua qhov kev tsis txaus siab pom ntawm qhov screen. Tsis lees paub yog tias lub teeb liab siab dua qib siv.
Koj tau txais Mill Test Report nrog txhua qhov kev txiav txim. Kub naj npawb ntawm txhua lub raj. Kev tshuaj xyuas thib peb muaj yog tias koj xav tau.
Peb Ntim
Cov kaus mom yas ntawm ob qhov kawg. Chloride-dawb VCI daim ntawv nruab nrab ntawm txheej. Shrink qhwv ib ncig ntawm txhua pob.
Cov hlua yas los yog cov hlua hlau stainless nkaus xwb. Tsis muaj carbon steel. Cov pa roj carbon steel rusts thiab xeb particles stain titanium.
Ntoo rooj plaub rau me me diameters los yog txiav lengths. Ntoo pallet nrog steel pob rau txheem 6m raj.
Tsis muaj stamping lossis kos rau ntawm lub raj nws tus kheej. Cov ntawv tsis muaj dej tsis zoo ntawm cov pob khoom qhia qib (GR1), qhov loj me, tus lej kub, ntau.
Peb Lub Hoobkas Khoom
Lub tshuab nqus tsev arc remelting (VAR) furnaces melt the billet. Tsis qhib cua melting. Titanium reacts nrog oxygen.
Rotary forge los yog extrusion xovxwm shapes lub plhaub hollow.
Pilger mills txo txoj kab uas hla. Dedicated rau titanium nkaus xwb. Tsis muaj tooj liab ntawm cov kab no.
Kos duab lub rooj zaum ntaus zaum kawg loj. Annealing furnaces siv lub tshuab nqus tsev los yog argon. Oxygen hloov titanium xiav thiab nkig.
Ultrasonic tank kuaj txhua lub raj. Cov dej huv xwb. Qhuav tam sim ntawd tom qab.
Txoj kab ncaj nraim thiab txiav cov kab siv tshwj xeeb rau cov menyuam thiab cov saws. Tsis muaj carbon steel plua plav.
